Questão de Testes Anteriores

Read the text bellow about the history of the English Language: THE HISTORICAL SOURCES OF ENGLISH WORD FORMATION English is a West Germanic language, related closely to the other West Germanic languages (Dutch, German and Frisian) and less closely to the North Germanic languages (Norwegian, Danish and Swedish). Nonetheless, England was ruled for a long period after 1066 by a monarch and a nobility whose native language was a variety of French; and even though this ruling group gradually switched to English for everyday purposes, French remained in use much longer as a language of law and administration, and longer still as a language of culture that every educated person was expected to learn. It is not surprising, then, that the vocabulary of English contains a high proportion of words borrowed from French – a much higher proportion than in the other Germanic languages. French is one of the so-called Romance languages, descended from Latin, along with Portuguese, Spanish, Italian, and Romanian. Most words borrowed from French therefore come from Latin indirectly. But Latin has had a more direct influence too. By A.D. 400 it was the official language of the western half of the Roman Empire and the vehicle of a huge and varied written literature. It was also the liturgical language of all West European Christians until the Protestant Reformation of the sixteenth century, and remained the predominant liturgical language of Catholics worldwide until the 1970s. The study of Latin was part of what was considered a ‘good education’ throughout the English speaking world until the second half of the twentieth century. So, particularly after the Renaissance, it is not surprising that many words were adopted into English from Latin directly, rather than by way of French. Adapted from: McCARTHY, A. C. An Introduction to English Morphology. Edinburgh: University of Edinburgh Press, 2002. Based on the text above, decide which statements are true (T) or false (F), and choose the correct option based on the order of the statements: I. The text is about the influence of other languages in the vocabulary of English. It shows how English is more similar to other West Germanic languages than to North Germanic languages. Moreover it also explains the presence of Latin vocabulary in English; II. The sentence “England was ruled for a long period after 1066 by a monarch and a nobility whose native language was a variety of French”, in the 3rd and 4th lines, can be changed to “A monarch and a nobility whose native language was a variety of French ruled England for a long period after 1066” without any alteration in meaning; III. The only reason why English has Latin words is due to the French influence, inasmuch as francophone people ruled England for a long period of time; IV. Latin was the dominant liturgical language of Europe after the Protestant Reform in most West European countries. Choose the alternative that correctly presents if the statements above are true (T) or false (F) according to their order: